Improved construction of vessels



N.PETERS. FHOTO-UTMDGRAPHEN. wAsHiNGTDN, D c.

NITED STATES PATENT Prion.

LOUIS HEIN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVED CONSTRUCTION OF VESSELS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 42,190, dated April 5, 1864.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, LoUis HEIN, of the city, county, and State ot' New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Vessels; and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ot' this specification, in which- Figure l is a transverse vertical section of my invention. Fig. 2 is an inverted plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of one of its sides.

Similar letters of reference in the three views indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates particularly to an improvement in the construction of iron vessel; and it consists in building the frame of such vessels of angle-iron, with flanges outside and inside, or singletlange angle-iron plating to be riveted to the flanges, and the frames to be iilled with timbers, which are bolted to each other and to said frames and project outside of the same, and calked to prevent the iron vessel from being injured by water.' To these timbers is fastened a calked planking. The timbers used for iill. ing the frames are provided with grooves leading down toa channel cut out of' the bottom timbers and keel, and communicating with a pump in such a manner that all the water which may leak through the outside planking will collect in said channel, from which it can readily' he removed by the action ot' the pump.

lo enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents the plating ot' a vessel, constructed in the ordinary shape and manner. This plating is secured by means of rivets or in any other suitable manner to the flanges a of the frames B, which are made of doubletlange angle-iron, as clearly shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The iron used for these frames .is rolled out in the usual manner, and curved to correspond to the desired crosssection of the vessel, and said frames are painted hot with coaltar and filled in with timbers C, which are dovetailed together and held in place by each other and by the outside anges, b. ot' the frames, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. The spaces between the timbers and plating A are filled with pitch, coalvtar, or felt, and said timbers projectoutside theframes and are calkcd. In each timber will be cut a groove, c, about one inch deep and two inches wide, leading down to a channel, d, cut out in the bottom of the timbers and the keel as far as practicable, and extending throughout the entire length of the vessel, or nearly so. From this channel suitable pipes ot' copper or other material lead to a cistern which is placed in the bottom of the vessel,and connects with a pump. The timbers are fastened to each other and to the frames by means of bolts c, and secured to their outside by means ot' composition nails f in the planking D. The vessel is coppered in the usual way for wooden ships. The grooves e, cutin the timbers (l, are intended to carry all the water that may pass through between the seams of the outside planking, though this planking is calked down to the channel d under the bottom of the vessel, whence it can easily be removed by the pump, and injury to the timbers or frames from that source is avoided. The casing can be built without planliing, in which case the grooves in the .timbers will be cut inside the calking in their seams, leading to a channel below, as above described. By this construction all the advantages of an iron vessel are combined with those ot' wooden vessels. The vessel is light, buoyant, and very strong, and the entrance ot' Water to the interior ot' the vesselunder ordinary circumstances is eft'ectualy prevented.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A vessel constructed with ribs B a b ot' angleiron, a watertight wooden casing, (l, strengthening and protecting the said ribs, and an external planking or sheathing, D, all as herein specified and t'or the purposes explained.

' L. HEIN.

Witnesses:

M. M. LIVINGs'roN, GEO. W. REED. 

